The earliest examples of illustrated texts date from the second millennium B.C. Also refers to the fine art of creating such visual works. See also: chrysography, fraktur, and gilding.Ī picture, plate, diagram, plan, chart, map, design, or other graphic image printed with or inserted in the text of a book or other publication as an embellishment or to complement or elucidate the text. Some incunabula and early printed books were also illuminated (see Argonautica printed in 1519 by Josse Bade of Paris, courtesy of Special Collections, Glasgow University Library). See also Illuminating the Renaissance (Getty Museum) and The Art of the Book in the Ilkhanid Period of Mongol influence on the Islamic world ( Metropolitan Museum of Art). Images of medieval illuminated manuscripts are also provided by the Bodleian Library (University of Oxford). For online exhibitionions of illuminated manuscripts, see Manuscripts at the Getty Museum, the Morgan Library's CORSAIR collection, and Leaves of Gold. The Morgan Library in New York City holds one of the largest collections of illuminated manuscripts in the United States. Illumination was of three main types: small paintings called miniatures (usually illustrative) occupying all or part of a page decorated initial letters, often containing figures or scenes related or unrelated to the text and ornamental borders around text and/or images on one or more sides, usually incorporating a variety of motifs.ĭuring the early Middle Ages, illumination was done in monastic scriptoria, where most books were produced, but early in the 12th century independent artists began trading on their skill as illuminators, working mainly for wealthy patrons who filled their private libraries with fine books ( example: Les très riches heures du Duc de Berry). Illumination flourished during the medieval period when books were hand-copied on parchment and vellum, originally by Christian monks who produced books for liturgical and devotional use and for exchange with other monasteries ( example: Book of Kells). There are many identifier systems in use for different types of library materials, including the International Standard Book Number (ISBN) for books, the International Standard Serial Number (ISSN) for serial titles, the Serial Item and Contribution Identifier (SICI) for serial issues and articles, and the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) for journal articles and other digital content.įrom the Latin illuminaire, meaning "to give light." A manuscript or incunabulum richly decorated by hand with ornamental polychrome letters, designs, and/or illustrations highlighted in gold or silver. Compare with provisional term.Īlso, a string of characters intended to uniquely identify a bibliographic resource. Not all indexing systems use identifiers. In some indexing systems, identifiers are periodically reviewed for suitability as new descriptors. Form of entry may be subject to authority control. Major identifiers may be marked with an asterisk or distinguished in some other manner. Identifiers are usually listed in a separate field of the index entry or bibliographic record, immediately following the descriptors. A keyword or indexable concept assigned to a document to add depth to subject indexing, not listed in the thesaurus of indexing terms because it either represents a proper name ( geographic name, personal name, corporate name, test or program, operation or process, piece of legislation, etc.) or a concept not yet approved as an authorized descriptor.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |